Several interesting links:
The JSR-179 Location API
[Javadoc]
[Download
the PDF]
Universal Location Framework: A Reference
Implementation
Location Inter-operability Forum (LIF)
Part of the Code (NMEA Parser, Serial Port receiver ...) come from
http://sourceforge.net/projects/gpsmap/
Exact distance calculation on the surface of an elipsoid
http://samblackburn.com/gfc/index.html
(Java version under development, provisional result
can be seen under http://thek.org/emoges/)